Effects of Stem Cell Transplantation on Bacteria in the Mouth

Study Summary

This study will examine bacteria in patients mouths at different times during stem cell transplantation and recovery. Drugs patients receive as part of the conditioning process for a stem cell transplant increase their risk of infection. There might be a link between the bacteria in the mouth and the bacteria that can cause infections. Knowing the changes in bacteria might help researchers determine the best method to prevent infections. Patients 18 years of age and older who are scheduled to receive a stem cell transplant may be eligible for this study. Participants undergo the following procedures: Review of medical records Interview about their oral care Oral examination Collection of oral specimens just before the stem cell transplant, immediately after the transplant, and 3 weeks after the transplant. The specimens are obtained as follows: * \<TAB\>-About one-fourth teaspoon of saliva is collected with a suction device similar to that used in a dental office. * \<TAB\>-Plaque from the surface of a tooth is collected with a plastic toothpick. * \<TAB\>-Skin cells from the inside of the cheek and the surface of the tongue are collected with a small soft brush. * \<TAB\>-If a tube is inserted into the patient s lungs to assist breathing and the patient is admitted to the intensive care unit, a specimen from the lungs is collected. Patients are followed for 100 days after their transplant. Additional oral specimens are obtained from those who develop signs and symptoms of respiratory infection.