Inpatient Capture: A Mixed Methods Study to Develop an Inpatient Lung Cancer Screening Program in a Safety Net Hospital.

Study Summary

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. There are several important disparities in lung cancer mortality: racial and ethnic minorities, those with serious mental illness and those with lower socioeconomic status experience higher lung cancer mortality compared to the general population. Lung cancer screening (LCS) with annual low dose chest CT can reduce lung cancer mortality by 20% for high-risk patients, but has been generally underutilized with uptake of 5-15% by eligible patients across the United States. Half of all patients eligible for LCS remain current smokers, and the additional benefits of tobacco cessation services can increase the benefits of LCS clinical encounters in these patients. Despite the proven benefit of LCS and tobacco cessation, it remains out of reach for many with barriers across the patient, provider, and health-care system levels with resultant disparities in uptake of LCS and effective tobacco cessation that may exaggerate disparities in clinical lung cancer early detection and mortality. The majority of LCS care occurs across several visits in an outpatient clinical setting, which may make it inaccessible to the most vulnerable patients. Our central objective is to extend the reach of lung cancer and tobacco screening through the implementation and evaluation of a program extending these services inpatient in a public hospital that serves a known high-risk and diverse population in East Harlem. Preliminary data obtained from a retrospective quality improvement project examined data from patients admitted over a 3 month period in early 2022. Of 1374 unique patients were admitted to our hospital, 112 patients met LCS eligibility criteria and over 80% had no evidence of having been screened. Forty-seven percent identified as Black and 33.9% as Hispanic, groups known to have worse lung cancer outcomes. While smoking data was incomplete on a majority of patients, 75% of all inpatient admissions w

Primary Outcome

Up-to-date status is defined as the completion of a low-dose chest CT within 15 months. Estimating equations will also be used to determine the independent association of the intervention with increase in prevalence of up-to-date LCS adjusted for patient demographic features and underlying time-trends.

Conditions Studied

Interventions

• OTHER Shared decision making for LDCT (3 potential outcomes LDCT on discharge, scheduled date of LDCT, or Lung Cancer Screening referral)
• BEHAVIORAL Inpatient Tobacco Cessation Counseling (Handouts, NYC Quits number, Medication Recommendations to primary team, Smoking cessation referral)

Study Locations (1)