Impact of Short and Mistimed Sleep on Adolescents With ADHD: The Adolescent Attention and Circadian Timing Study

Study Summary

Many adolescents go to bed late and wake up early for school. Science is only beginning to understand how sleep schedules can affect them. The investigators are interested in whether changing adolescents' sleep patterns affects their functioning, attention, and how they feel. The investigators are especially interested in the effects of changing both how much sleep adolescents get and when that sleep happens. This study focuses on healthy 13-17-year-olds with ADHD. This study asks adolescents to systematically change their sleeping habits across a 3 week span. The first week, they follow a sleep schedule that fits reasonably well with the schedule they keep when they do not have to wake up early for any specific obligation (e.g., for school). The second week, they spend several nights in a "short sleep" condition, during which they get 6.5 hours in bed per night. The final week, they enter a sleep condition that allows for healthy sleep duration, but with a timing that is randomly assigned to either fit well with their preferred schedule or fit poorly with that schedule. During each week, they and their parents complete measures of their attention and other factors. At the end of each week, they attend an evening session to measure their internal body clock ("circadian phase"), as well as measures of attention and other thinking skills. The goal is to understand whether the benefits of healthy sleep duration depend on the timing of when that sleep occurs.

Primary Outcome

Daily diary listing symptoms of inattention adapted from the IOWA Conners Questionnaire. Adolescents will self-report their own symptoms for the previous day. Parents/caregivers will report on their observations of the adolescents' symptoms for the previous day. Higher scores indicate greater inattention.

Interventions

• BEHAVIORAL Aligned sleep extension
• BEHAVIORAL Misaligned sleep extension