Potatoes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cardiometabolic Health

Study Summary

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major chronic health condition which increases risk of coronary artery disease, frailty, cognitive decline, and mortality. Additionally, hypertension is a major comorbidity for individuals with T2D, further increasing the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The prevalence of both conditions increases with advancing age. There is an urgent need to identify new approaches to prevent the development of T2D and improve cardiometabolic health in older adults 50-70 years of age. Whole white potatoes are an unprocessed food rich in essential nutrients often under-consumed by Americans, including potassium, fiber, magnesium, vitamins C and B6, and phytochemicals. Each of these nutrients individually are associated with cardiometabolic health benefits. Potatoes account for a significant amount of the intake of these nutrients in the US diet and are well-positioned to be a foundational element of a healthy dietary pattern. However, there are few interventional studies evaluating the effect of potatoes on cardiometabolic health, and the evidence from observational studies is mixed, leaving a significant gap in knowledge regarding the potential for potatoes to be included in healthy dietary patterns. The results of our proposed study will provide foundational data that inform future dietary guidelines regarding the inclusion of white potatoes as part of a healthy US dietary pattern.

Primary Outcome

Glucose tolerance will be assessed using a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT, 75 g glucose load). Blood will be collected at baseline (fasting) and thereafter at 30-minute intervals (5 total measurements in 2 hours).

Interventions

• OTHER Controlled diet: Potato-rich healthy dietary pattern
• OTHER Controlled diet: Typical Western-style dietary pattern